Alloy.



TED sfrn'rns :ATEN canto LEWIS W. CH UBB, OF EDGEWOCD PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS W. GHUBB, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Edgewood' Park, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have 1nvented a new and useful Improvement in Alloys, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to metallic alloys, and it has for its object to produce alloys havinghigh magnetic permeability when subjected to the action of strong magnetic fields.

Alloys containing various proportions of nickel and iron, such as the wellknown nickel-steel, have been prepared in order to produce'material which has superior physical properties or which is rust-proof, steamproof or adapted for use as resistance material. It has also been found that the addition of nickel to steel in certain proportions may render the steel wholly non-magnetic, while, in other proportions, it increases the permeability of the steel at low induction.

I have discovered that the addition of certain percentages of nickel to iron and steel produces alloys. having greatly increased permeability, when subjected to stron magnetic fields, in comparison with or inary iron and steel. This increase in permeability is sufficiently great to render the alloys especially well suited to the manufacture of electric apparatus requiringhigh ma etic induction, such as rotary converters, irect- 4 current generators and the like.

I have found that the maximum degree of magnetic permeability at high induction addition of amounts of nickel ranging from 1% to 7% of the alloy. If pure 11011 such as that produced electrolytically, is alloyed with nickel, the nickel should constitute about 7% of the alloy, while the amount of nickel added should be changed in accordance with the amounts of other substances, such as carbon, phosphorus, s1l1con,1manmay be imparted to iron and steel by the Patented Jan. 14, 1919.

ALLOY.

1 1,291,408. Specification of Letters Patent.

. No Drawing.

Application filed January 2, 1915. Serial No. 177.

ganese and sulfur that are present inthe iron or steel. For example, when relatively pure .iron containing so little additional material as to be substantially pure in a commerc1al sense, such as the so-called ingot iron produced'accordin to U. S. Patents 940,784 and 987,549, is al oyed with nickel, I have obtained the best results when between 2% and 3% of nickel are present. One excellent alloy contained 2.6% of nickel and 97.4% of ingot iron. The alloys may be prepared in an convenient and well known manner, and s ould be annealed before being used.

M improved nickel-steel alloys have goo physical properties and a specific grav- 1ty somewhat eater than the normal specific gravity 0 iron. The cost of my-alloys is but slightly greater than that of the standard steels now used for magnetic apparatus, and their permeability is very much greater, at high magnetic induction, than that of the standard magnetic steels. Tests upon one sample of nickel-steel prepared according to my invention showed that the nickel-steel had a permeability of 1750, at a magnetic induction of 16,000 gausses, while the best commercial magnetic steels have a permeability below 700 at the same induction. Also, this sample showed a permeability of 335 at 18,000 gausses, while the best commercial steels show only 185 at the of from 97 to 98% iron 

